Influence of genetics as a cause of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Due to the increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome worldwide, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive approach to people who suffer from it and investigate aspects that contribute to delimit the specific mechanisms of the development of metabolic changes, in order to anticipate complications through actions timely. The objective of this essay is to point out the genetic influences that intervene when they occur, for which a documentary review of essays and virtual scientific articles was carried out. Among the main results, obesity is recognized as the core of the syndrome, because alterations in genes, stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines, changes in lipid levels, as well as the development of insulin resistance, converge in a pathological state. In addition, various genes have been identified on specific chromosomes that undergo variations in the sequence of the genetic chain that leads to metabolic variability, such is the case of chromosome 16q12.2 and the influences on the estrogen receptor gene. However, the genetic influence is not limited to these aspects, but involves others such as sex, race, age and environmental factors that enhance the development of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, a broad field of work and approach to genetic influences in the development of this pathology is structured.