Socioeconomic characterization of young migrants from the municipality of San Miguel in El Salvador

Abstract

Irregular migration has been a persistent socio-historical phenomenon in the last 40 years in El Salvador, fundamentally motivated by the difficult socioeconomic conditions and lack of job opportunities. Scenarios of social exclusion are generated in the country that drive the emigration of many citizens who leave with the hope of obtaining economic prosperity and a stable socio-cultural environment in other territories. Irregular migration must be approached from a multi-causal and scientific perspective, focusing on its economic, political and socio-cultural nuances in which young people are mainly involved; work with a mixed approach. Based on the considerations mentioned earlier in this article, the socioeconomic reality of young people in school in the municipality of San Miguel residing in urban and rural areas is addressed, their expectations and opinions are presented regarding the possibility of migrating, the socioeconomic conditions and the context of insecurity in which they live; Likewise, experiences of young people who lived closely the phenomenon of irregular migration and returned to the country as returnees. On the other hand, the assistance work carried out by various institutions that are fundamentally linked with migrants and returnees was investigated, through initiatives and socioeconomic projects for their socioeconomic reintegration. The approach to the phenomenon studied allowed the researchers to propose actions to the government and institutions of society in favor of the integrity, dignity and respect for the human rights of migrants and returnees to implement inter-institutional strategies in socio-educational and labor matters that affect the migration prevention.